Difference between revisions of "GNUstep under Ubuntu Linux"

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Objective-C under Ubuntu Linux
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Usually it is a good a idea to just use the package manager of your distribution to get a stable and well integrated GNUstep environment:
  
== Compiling Everything from Scratch (Ubuntu 14.04) ==
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sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel
  
The following script installs everything from scratch.  It uses clang and libobjc2 for all the new Objective-C 2 features like ARC, Blocks, etc.  '''Reference manuals''' for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
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If you want to develop new apps and try the newest features consider the approach described below.
  
These instructions were tested on a fresh installation of Ubuntu 14.04 on May 31, 2015.
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= Compiling Everything from Scratch  =
  
Note: If you are using Ubuntu 12.04, your version of CMake and/or g++ may be too old to handle the newer versions of LLVMSee the bottom of this wiki page for instructions on how to get a newer version of CMake working on 12.04.
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The following repo contains scripts that  compile and install everything needed for GNUstep Objective-C 2.0The script uses clang and libobjc2 for all the awesome new features like ARC, blocks/Grand Central Dispatch, etc.
<pre>
 
#!/bin/bash
 
  
sudo apt-get update
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For example, to build GNUstep under Ubuntu 19.04, do:
sudo apt-get -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake libffi-dev libxml2-dev \
 
libgnutls-dev libicu-dev libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool \
 
libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libffi-dev libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev libXft-dev
 
  
cd ~
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git clone https://github.com/plaurent/gnustep-build
git clone git://github.com/nickhutchinson/libdispatch.git
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cd gnustep-build/ubuntu-19.04-clang-8.0-runtime-2.0/
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/modules/core
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./GNUstep-buildon-ubuntu1904.sh
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk libobjc2
 
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm
 
cd llvm/tools
 
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang
 
  
cd ~/llvm
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The demo.sh and demo-gui.sh scripts show example code and compilation examples (using command line as well as the recommended GNUmakefile approach.)
rm -rf build
 
mkdir build
 
cd build
 
cmake ..
 
make -j8  # 8=your number of build CPUs
 
  
echo "export PATH=\$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
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Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
echo "export CC=clang"  >> ~/.bashrc
 
echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
 
export PATH=$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin
 
export CC=clang
 
export CXX=clang++
 
  
. ~/.bashrc
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General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-2.0
clang -v
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(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in https://github.com/gnustep/libobjc2 (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.8.1))
clang++ -v
 
 
 
cd ~/libobjc2
 
rm -rf build
 
mkdir build
 
cd build
 
cmake ..
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
cd ~/core/make
 
./configure --enable-debug-by-default --with-layout=gnustep --enable-objc-nonfragile-abi
 
make && sudo -E make install
 
echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
 
 
 
. /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh
 
 
 
sudo /sbin/ldconfig
 
 
 
cd ~/core/base/
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
cd ~/libdispatch
 
rm -rf libdispatch-build
 
mkdir libdispatch-build && cd libdispatch-build
 
../configure
 
make
 
sudo make install
 
sudo ldconfig
 
 
 
cd ~/core/gui
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
cd ~/core/back
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
echo "Install is done. Open a new terminal or type source ~/.bashrc"
 
</pre>
 
 
 
=== Test Code ===
 
 
 
<pre>
 
 
 
cat > blocktest.m << EOF
 
#include <stdio.h>
 
 
 
int main() {
 
    void (^hello)(void) = ^(void) {
 
        printf("Hello, block!\n");
 
    };
 
    hello();
 
    return 0;
 
}
 
EOF
 
 
 
cat > helloGCD_objc.m << EOF
 
 
 
#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
 
#import <stdio.h>
 
#import "Fraction.h"
 
 
 
int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
 
  dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);
 
  Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];
 
 
 
  [frac setNumerator: 1];
 
  [frac setDenominator: 3];
 
 
 
  // print it
 
  dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
 
    printf( "The fraction is: " );
 
    [frac print];
 
    printf( "\n" );
 
  });
 
  dispatch_release(queue);
 
 
 
  return 0;
 
}
 
 
 
EOF
 
 
 
cat > Fraction.h << EOF
 
 
 
#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>
 
 
 
@interface Fraction: NSObject {
 
  int numerator;
 
  int denominator;
 
}
 
 
 
-(void) print;
 
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n;
 
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d;
 
-(int) numerator;
 
-(int) denominator;
 
@end
 
 
 
EOF
 
 
 
 
 
cat > Fraction.m << EOF
 
#import "Fraction.h"
 
#import <stdio.h>
 
 
 
@implementation Fraction
 
-(void) print {
 
  printf( "%i/%i", numerator, denominator );
 
}
 
 
 
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n {
 
  numerator = n;
 
}
 
 
 
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d {
 
  denominator = d;
 
}
 
 
 
-(int) denominator {
 
  return denominator;
 
}
 
 
 
-(int) numerator {
 
  return numerator;
 
}
 
@end
 
 
 
EOF
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
cat > guitest.m << EOF
 
#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
 
 
 
int main()
 
{
 
  NSApplication *app;  // Without these 2 lines, seg fault may occur
 
  app = [NSApplication sharedApplication];
 
 
 
  NSAlert * alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
 
  [alert setMessageText:@"Hello alert"];
 
  [alert addButtonWithTitle:@"All done"];
 
  int result = [alert runModal];
 
  if (result == NSAlertFirstButtonReturn) {
 
    NSLog(@"First button pressed");
 
  }
 
}
 
EOF
 
 
 
# ======================================================================
 
# COMPILE USING THE FOLLOWING COMMAND LINES, OR CREATE A MAKEFILE
 
# ======================================================================
 
 
 
# COMMAND LINE
 
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc  blocktest.m
 
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base  Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m
 
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs`  -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui  guitest.m
 
 
 
# MAKEFILE
 
 
 
cat > GNUmakefile << EOF
 
include \$(GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES)/common.make
 
 
 
APP_NAME = GUITest
 
PanelTest_OBJC_FILES = guitest.m
 
 
 
include \$(GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES)/application.make
 
EOF
 
 
 
make
 
openapp ./GUITest.app
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
</pre>
 
 
 
General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7
 
(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))
 
 
 
<b>Ubuntu 12.04 Help</b>
 
 
 
On Ubuntu 12.04, the default installed version of CMake is 2.8.7 but you need 2.8.8 or later to compile LLVM.  And the default installed version of GCC and G++ is 4.6 but you need 4.8 or later to compile LLVM.
 
 
 
For CMake, the solution is to download and compile CMake yourself.  Use the existing CMake 2.8.7 and then replace it:
 
 
 
# Download the latest CMake version from the CMake web site (http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html), and uncompress it in a folder.
 
# Create a _build directory in the CMake sources folder.
 
# From the _build directory, run the following commands to build and install CMake from sources:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
 
make
 
cpack -G DEB
 
sudo apt-get remove cmake cmake-data
 
sudo dpkg -i cmake*.deb
 
</pre>
 
 
 
To get GCC and G++ 4.8, do the following:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
 
sudo apt-get update
 
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8
 
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 50
 
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 50
 
</pre>
 
 
 
You should be good to go.
 

Latest revision as of 21:05, 17 April 2022

Usually it is a good a idea to just use the package manager of your distribution to get a stable and well integrated GNUstep environment:

sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel

If you want to develop new apps and try the newest features consider the approach described below.

Compiling Everything from Scratch

The following repo contains scripts that compile and install everything needed for GNUstep Objective-C 2.0. The script uses clang and libobjc2 for all the awesome new features like ARC, blocks/Grand Central Dispatch, etc.

For example, to build GNUstep under Ubuntu 19.04, do:

git clone https://github.com/plaurent/gnustep-build
cd gnustep-build/ubuntu-19.04-clang-8.0-runtime-2.0/
./GNUstep-buildon-ubuntu1904.sh

The demo.sh and demo-gui.sh scripts show example code and compilation examples (using command line as well as the recommended GNUmakefile approach.)

Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html

General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-2.0 (The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in https://github.com/gnustep/libobjc2 (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.8.1))